Reconsideração sobre as lustrações
os desafios da execução da lustração na Ucrânia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25247/hu.2022.v9n18.p88-106Palavras-chave:
Lustração, Ucrânia, Tchecoslováquia, Euromaidan, Corrupção, SocialismoResumo
Pouco depois do movimento Euromaidan em 2014, o novo governo ucraniano aprovou duas leis com o objetivo de consolidar a democraciapormeio da lustração e da verificação. Enquanto a primeira lei, sobre a restauração da confiança no judiciário, refere-se apenas ao sistema judicial, a segunda lei, sobre a limpeza governamental, afeta a maior parte do setor público, bem como o setormilitar. A legislação foi apoiada pelo Comitê de Lustração Cívica, cujo principal objetivo era garantir que o Presidente adotasse suas propostas de lustração. Como isso não aconteceu, eles reuniramespecialistas da Europa Central e Oriental para redigir a Lei de LimpezaGovernamental. Aequipe de especialistasfoicompostapordiversoslegisladores e acadêmicos da República Tcheca, Polônia e Geórgia (CIVIC LUSTRATION COMMITTEE, 2015). Com isso, o estudoanalisoucomo a lustraçãotchecoslovaca se assemelha à lustraçãoucraniana, pois háevidênciadireta de cooperação, além de ambos ospaísesteremadotadolustraçõesexclusivas. Especificamente, eleobservasuacriação, recepção e eficácia. Argumenta que as lustraçõesucranianasnão se enquadram no âmbito de estudossobrejustiça de transiçãodevido à violência, à falta de compatibilidade com osdireitoshumanos e à falta de efetividadenaexecução das lustrações.
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